5383-H116 Aluminum vs. 5383-H321 Aluminum
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5383-H116 aluminum is suitable for lighter loads and high corrosion environments, while 5383-H321 aluminum has higher tensile strength, yield strength, and fatigue strength, making it more suitable for applications that experience higher stress and load.
Both alloys have similar thermal, electrical, and unclassified properties, but the main difference lies in fatigue strength, tensile strength, and yield strength, with 5383-H321 aluminum showing slightly better fatigue and yield strength.
5383-H116 aluminum and 5383-H321 aluminum are both commonly used in marine applications, shipbuilding, and high-strength structural components. While these two aluminum alloys are similar in terms of thermal, electrical, and unclassified properties, they exhibit significant differences in fatigue strength, tensile strength, and yield strength.
- Fatigue strength: 5383-H321 aluminum has higher fatigue strength than 5383-H116 aluminum, meaning it performs better under long-term cyclic loading, showing greater durability.
- Tensile strength and yield strength: 5383-H321 aluminum outperforms 5383-H116 aluminum in both tensile and yield strength, making it more suitable for high-load and high-stress environments.
- Application fields: Due to the higher strength and fatigue resistance of 5383-H321 aluminum, it is typically used in high-load ship structures, offshore platforms, and critical components that require strength and durability. 5383-H116 aluminum, on the other hand, is better suited for lower-load, non-critical marine applications or situations where higher corrosion resistance is required.
The main difference between 5383 H116 and 5383-H321 aluminum lies in their mechanical properties, particularly in fatigue strength, tensile strength, and yield strength. The higher strength and better fatigue strength of 5383-H321 aluminum make it more advantageous for high-stress and high-load applications, while 5383-H116 aluminum is more suitable for environments where corrosion resistance is important but the load is lower.
Comparison Table of 5383-H116 Aluminum and 5383-H321 Aluminum
| Characteristics | 5383-H116 Aluminum | 5383-H321 Aluminum |
| Condition | H116 (Heat-treated and cold-worked) | H321 (Further heat-treated and cold-worked) |
| Tensile strength | Lower | Higher |
| Yield strength | Lower | Higher |
| Fatigue strength | Lower | Higher |
| Corrosion resistance | Good, suitable for seawater environments | Good, suitable for seawater environments |
| Applicable fields | Light-load marine applications, such as external ship structures | High-load marine applications, such as shipframe structures, offshore platforms |
| Strength characteristics | Moderate strength, suitable for general loads | Higher strength, suitable for greater stress and loads |
| Toughness | Good | Good |
| Usage environment | Suitable for lighter loads and corrosion environments | Suitable for high stress, high-load, and fatigue environments |
5383 H116 Aluminum and 5383-H321 Aluminum Properties
Properties of 5383-H116 Aluminum
- Condition and Hardness: The H116 condition represents that the alloy has undergone heat treatment and some cold working, resulting in moderate hardness and strength. It is mainly used for applications affected by moisture and salt in marine environments, showing good corrosion resistance.
- Strength and Toughness: 5383-H116 aluminum alloy has relatively low tensile strength and yield strength, but it provides sufficient tensile strength for general marine applications.
- Corrosion Resistance: Its superior resistance to seawater corrosion makes it an ideal material for the shipbuilding industry and marine structures.
- Fatigue Strength: The fatigue strength of 5383-H116 aluminum is generally suitable for environments with lighter loads, although it is superior to typical aluminum alloys, it is slightly inferior to 5383-H321 aluminum.
Properties of 5383-H321 Aluminum
- Condition and Hardness: The H321 condition usually means that the aluminum alloy has been further processed based on the H116 condition, resulting in higher strength. It is typically cold worked to achieve better mechanical properties, especially in yield strength and tensile strength.
- Strength and Toughness: 5383-H321 aluminum alloy has higher tensile strength and yield strength, making it suitable for environments that experience greater stress and load. Its enhanced strength makes it suitable for applications with higher structural demands, such as shipframe structures and offshore platforms.
- Fatigue Strength: 5383-H321 aluminum has significantly higher fatigue strength than 5383-H116 aluminum. This gives it better durability under repeated stress, especially in environments that require resistance to repeated loads and vibrations.
- Corrosion Resistance: Similar to the H116 condition, H321 aluminum alloy also has good corrosion resistance, maintaining stability over longer periods, especially in marine environments.
5383-H116 Aluminum vs. 5383-H321 Aluminum Mechanical Properties
| Property | 5383-H116 Aluminum | 5383-H321 Aluminum |
| Brinell Hardness | 90 | 90 |
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, x 10⁶ psi | 9.9 | 9.9 |
| Elongation at Break, % | 12 | 12 |
| Fatigue Strength, x 10³ psi | 25 | 30 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.33 | 0.33 |
| Shear Modulus, x 10⁶ psi | 3.7 | 3.7 |
| Shear Strength, x 10³ psi | 30 | 30 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), x 10³ psi | 51 | 50 |
| Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), x 10³ psi | 35 | 36 |
5383-H116 Aluminum vs. 5383-H321 Aluminum Thermal Properties
| Property | 5383-H116 Aluminum | 5383-H321 Aluminum |
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 390 | 390 |
| Maximum Temperature: Corrosion, °F | 150 | 150 |
| Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °F | 400 | 400 |
| Melting Completion (Liquidus), °F | 1200 | 1200 |
| Melting Onset (Solidus), °F | 1010 | 1010 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, BTU/lb-°F | 0.22 | 0.22 |
| Thermal Conductivity, BTU/h-ft-°F | 72 | 72 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 24 | 24 |
5383-H116 Aluminum vs. 5383-H321 Aluminum Electrical Properties
| Property | 5383-H116 Aluminum | 5383-H321 Aluminum |
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS | 29 | 29 |
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS | 97 | 97 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Property | 5383-H116 Aluminum | 5383-H321 Aluminum |
| Base Metal Price, % relative | 9.5 | 9.5 |
| Density, lb/ft³ | 170 | 170 |
| Embodied Carbon, kg CO₂/kg material | 9.0 | 9.0 |
| Embodied Energy, x 10³ BTU/lb | 67 | 67 |
| Embodied Water, gal/lb | 140 | 140 |
Common Calculations
| Property | 5383-H116 Aluminum | 5383-H321 Aluminum |
| Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m³ | 38 | 37 |
| Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m³ | 440 | 450 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 14 | 14 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 50 | 50 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 36 | 35 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 41 | 40 |
| Thermal Diffusivity, mm²/s | 51 | 51 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 15 | 15 |
Further reading: 5083 5383 O H112 Marine Grade Aluminum Bars 5383 Marine Grade Aluminum Plate Sheet 5383 H112 Aluminum 5383 H321 Aluminum 5383 H116 Aluminum 5383 H34 Aluminum 5383 H32 Aluminum 5383 H111 Aluminum 5383 O Aluminum
